HISTORY OF NICARAGUAMain articles: History of Nicaragua,
PICTURE ABOVE:-Pre-Columbian history
6000 year old human footprints preserved in volcanic mud near the lake in Managua, Nicaragua.
6000 year old human footprints preserved in volcanic mud near the lake in Managua, Nicaragua.
Republic of Nicaragua
República de Nicaragua
Coat of arms
Motto: En Dios Confiamos (Spanish)"In God We Trust" [1]
Anthem: Salve a ti, Nicaragua (Spanish)Hail to thee, Nicaragua
Capital(and largest city)
Managua12°9′N 86°16′W / 12.15, -86.267
Official languages
Spanish1
Demonym
Nicaraguan
Government
Presidential republic
-
President
Daniel Ortega (FSLN)
-
Vice President
Jaime Morales Carazo
Independence
from Spain
-
Declared
15 September 1821
-
Recognized
25 July 1850
-
Revolution
19 July 1979
Area
-
Total
129,494 km² (97th)50,193 sq mi
-
Water (%)
7.14
Population
-
July 2006 estimate
5,603,000 (107th)
-
2005 census
5,142,098
-
Density
42/km² (132nd)109/sq mi
GDP (PPP)
2007 estimate
-
Total
$15.912 billion[2]
-
Per capita
$2,628[2]
GDP (nominal)
2007 estimate
-
Total
$5.724 billion[2]
-
Per capita
$945[2]
Gini (2001)
43.1 (medium)
HDI (2007)
▲ 0.710 (medium) (110th)
Currency
Córdoba (NIO)
Time zone
(UTC-6)
Internet TLD
.ni
Calling code
+505
1
English and indigenous languages on Caribbean coast are also spoken.
In Pre-Columbian times the Indigenous people, in what is now known as Nicaragua, were part of the Intermediate Area located between the Mesoamerican and Andean cultural regions.
This has recently been updated to include the influence of the Isthmo-Colombian area. It was the point where the Mesoamerican and South American native cultures met.
This is confirmed by the ancient footprints of Acahualinca, along with other archaeological evidence, mainly in the form of ceramics and statues made of volcanic stone like the ones found on the island of Zapatera and petroglyphs found in Ometepe island.
At the end of the 15th century, western Nicaragua was inhabited by several indigenous peoples related by culture and language to the Mayans. They were primarily farmers who lived in towns, organized into small kingdoms. Meanwhile, the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua was inhabited by indigenous peoples, mostly chibcha related groups, that had migrated from what is now Colombia. They lived a less sedentary life based on hunting and gathering.
The people of eastern Nicaragua appear to have traded with and been influenced by the native peoples of the Caribbean, as round thatched huts and canoes, both typical of the Caribbean, were common in eastern Nicaragua. In the west and highland areas, occupying the territory between Lake Nicaragua and the Pacific Coast, the Niquirano were governed by chief Nicarao, or Nicaragua, a rich ruler who lived in Nicaraocali, now the city of Rivas. The Chorotega lived in the central region of Nicaragua. These two groups had intimate contact with the Spanish conquerors, paving the way for the racial mix of native and European stock now known as mestizos.However, within three decades an estimated Indian population of one million plummeted to a few tens of thousands, as approximately half of the indigenous people in western Nicaragua died from the rapid spread of new diseases brought by the Spaniards, something the indigenous people of the Caribbean coast managed to escape due to the remoteness of the area.
The people of eastern Nicaragua appear to have traded with and been influenced by the native peoples of the Caribbean, as round thatched huts and canoes, both typical of the Caribbean, were common in eastern Nicaragua. In the west and highland areas, occupying the territory between Lake Nicaragua and the Pacific Coast, the Niquirano were governed by chief Nicarao, or Nicaragua, a rich ruler who lived in Nicaraocali, now the city of Rivas. The Chorotega lived in the central region of Nicaragua. These two groups had intimate contact with the Spanish conquerors, paving the way for the racial mix of native and European stock now known as mestizos.However, within three decades an estimated Indian population of one million plummeted to a few tens of thousands, as approximately half of the indigenous people in western Nicaragua died from the rapid spread of new diseases brought by the Spaniards, something the indigenous people of the Caribbean coast managed to escape due to the remoteness of the area.
SOURCE:-WIKIPEDIA
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